POPULATION DENSITY, OUTCROSSING RATE, AND HETEROZYGOTE SUPERIORITY IN PONDEROSA PINE

Major histocompatibility complex heterozygote superiority during coinfection.

Genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) play a critical role in immune recognition, and many alleles confer susceptibility to infectious and autoimmune diseases. How these deleterious alleles persist in populations is controversial. One hypothesis postulates that MHC heterozygote superiority emerges over multiple infections because MHC-mediated resistance is generally dominant and m...

Multiaged Silviculture of Ponderosa Pine

Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) is highly suitable for management using multiaged systems. This suitability is primarily the result of a frequent, low severity disturbance regime, but also because it naturally occurs at low densities and has a long history of management to promote multiple age classes. Several different stocking control tools are available for ponderosa pine inc...

Assessing longevity of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) snags in relation to age, diameter, wood density and pitch content

Carbon accumulation in Colorado ponderosa pine stands

Woody encroachment and thickening have occurred throughout the western United States and have been proposed as important processes in the US carbon (C) budget despite large uncertainty in the magnitude of these effects. In this study we investigated ponderosa pine encroachment near Boulder, Colorado. We reconstructed a time series of forest structure to estimate changes in C storage by the tree...

Associations Between Heterozygosity and Growth Rate Variables In Three Western Forest Trees

For each of three species, quaking aspen, ponderosa pine, and lodgepole pine, we determined the relationships between a ranking of heterozygosity of individuals and measures of growth rate. Genetic variation was assayed by starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes. Growth rates were characterized by the mean, standard deviation, logarithm of the variance, and coefficient of variation of annual ring...